Early approaches to foreign language instruction, including the Grammar Translation
Method (GTM), often taught grammar separate from the larger contexts in which
language is used. While these approaches were often effective for developing a
receptive (reading) knowledge of a language, they sometimes failed to provide students
with the ability to use language communicatively in speaking and writing. As a result, a
number of approaches to language instruction since Audiolingualism (ALM) have
focused on developing communicative competence. Communicative competence does
not mean an absence of grammar instruction but rather grammar instruction that leads
to the ability to communicate effectively